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Research Support: Start your research

The library provides research support to all postgraduate students and researchers

A literature review is an important part of any research project, as it sets your research in context and identifies how it fits with the research that has been done before. You may be asked to write a literature review as part of a dissertation, thesis, or longer project, or as a separate assignment to develop the research, synthesis and analytical skills involved.

A key feature of any literature review is how you choose to group the literature into sub-sections or themes to enable comparison. This shows how you are conceptualizing the topic. The structure you create helps you (and your readers) navigate and understand the literature. In a longer project, it is normal to refer to the concepts in the literature review to help analyze your own results and provide potential reasons to explain what you have found. So, it is important to set up these concepts clearly, and to explore and evaluate them in literature review.

One common way to approach a literature review is to start out broad and then become more specific. Think of it as an inverted triangle:

 A diagram of a research

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  • First briefly explain the broad issues related to your investigation; you don't need to write much about this, just demonstrate that you are aware of the breadth of your subject.
  • Then narrow your focus to deal with the studies that overlap with your research.
  • Finally, hone in on any research that is directly related to your specific investigation. Proportionally you spend most time discussing those studies that have most direct relevance to your research.

The CRAAP test provides simple criteria for judging the academic quality of information. By asking some questions of the sources you encounter, you can successfully boost the quality of information you use in your work.

The five main CRAAP test criteria are:

  • Currency
  • Relevancy
  • Accuracy
  • Authority
  • Purpose

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